Andreas W. Loepke, MD, PhD, FAAP

2019

Szmuk P, Andropoulos D, McGowan F, Brambrink A, Lee C, Lee KJ, McCann ME, Liu Y, Saynhalath R, Bong CL, Anderson BJ, Berde C, De Graaff JC, Disma N, Kurth D, Loepke AW, Orser B, Sessler DI, Skowno JJ, von Ungern-Sternberg BS, Vutskits L, Davidson A: An open label pilot study of a dexmedetomidine-remifentanil-caudal anesthetic for infant lower abdominal/lower extremity surgery: The T REX pilot study. Paediatr Anaesth 29(1): 59-67, 2019

Wei K, Chen P, Shen FY, Zhang Y, Liu YH, Wang ZR, Loepke AW, Wang YW, Deng M: Defining the Vulnerability Window of Anesthesia-Induced Neuroapoptosis in Developing Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells - A Transgenic Approach Utilizing POMC-EGFP Mice. Neuroscience 415: 59-69, 2019

Tong D, Godale CM, Kadakia FK, Gu Z, Danzer CSK, Alghamdi A, Zhao P, Loepke AW, Danzer SC: Immature murine hippocampal neurones do not develop long-term structural changes after a single isoflurane exposure. Br J Anaesth 123(6): 818-826, 2019

2018

Miller JW, Ding L, Gunter JB, Lam JE, Lin EP, Paquin JR, Li BL, Spaeth JP, Kreeger RN, Divanovic A, Mahmoud M, Loepke AW: Comparison of intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral pentobarbital sedation for infant transthoracic echocardiography – A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Anesth Analg 126(6): 2009-2016, 2018

Miller JW, Balyan R, Dong M, Mahmoud M, Lam JE, Pratap J, Paquin JR, Li BL, Spaeth JP, Vinks A, Loepke AW: Does intranasal dexmedetomidine provide adequate plasma concentrations for sedation in children – A pharmacokinetic study. Br J Anaesth 120(5): 1056-1065, 2018

2017

Miller JW, Spaeth JP, Ding L, Lam J, Pasquin J, Lin E, Divanovic AA, Li BL, Baskar S, Loepke AW: Sedation methods for transthoracic echocardiography in children with Trisomy 21 – A retrospective study. Paediatr Anaesth 27(5): 531-539, 2017.

Lee JR, Lin EP, Hofacer RD, Upton B, Lee SY, Ewing L, Joseph B, Loepke AW: Alternative technique or mitigating strategy for sevoflurane-induced neurodegeneration: A randomised controlled dose-escalation study of dexmedetomidine in neonatal rats. Br J Anaesth 119(3): 492–505, 2017. Accompanied by two invited editorials by Vutskits L & Sall JW and by Sanders RD, Andropoulos D, Ma D, and Maze M.

2016

Miller JW, Xue B, Hossain M, Zhang MZ, Loepke AW, Kurth CD: Comparison of dexmedetomidine and chloral hydrate sedation for transthoracic echocardiography in infants and toddlers: A randomized clinical trial. Paediatr Anaesth 26(3): 266-72, 2016.

Miller JW, Divanovic AA, Hossain M, Mahmoud MA, Loepke AW: Dosing and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation for pediatric transthoracic echocardiography: A retrospective study. Can J Anaesth 63(7): 834-41, 2016.

Levy RJ, Herbstman JB, Bosnjak ZJ, Loepke AW, McGowan FX: Biomarkers, Genetics and Epigenetic Studies to Explore the Neurocognitive Effects of Anesthesia in Children. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 28(4): 384–8, 2016.

Jiang Y, Tong D, Hofacer RD, Loepke AW, Lian Q, Danzer SC: Long-term fate-mapping to assess the impact of postnatal isoflurane exposure on hippocampal progenitor cell productivity. Anesthesiology 125(6): 1159-1170, 2016. Accompanied by invited editorial by Sall JW.

2015

Miller JW, Xue B, Hossain M, Zhang MZ, Loepke AW, Kurth CD: Comparison of dexmedetomidine and chloral hydrate sedation for transthoracic echocardiography in infants and toddlers: A randomized clinical trial. Paediatr Anaesth 2015 Nov 30. doi: 10.1111/pan.12819

Osterop SF, Virtanen MA, Loepke JR, Joseph B, Loepke AW, Vutskits L: Developmental stage-dependent impact of midazolam on calbindin, calretinin and parvalbumin expression in the immature rat medial prefrontal cortex during the brain growth spurt. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 45:19-28

Backeljauw B, Holland SK, Altaye M, Loepke AW: Cognition and Brain Structure Following Early Childhood Surgery with Anesthesia. Pediatrics 2015; 136(1): e1-e12

Lin EP, Lee J-R, Loepke AW: Anesthetics and the Developing Brain – The Yin and Yang. Curr Anesthesiol Rep 2015; 5(2): 177-189

Davidson AJ, Becke K, de Graaff J, Giribaldi G, Habre W, Hansen T, Hunt RW, Ing C, Loepke AW, McCann ME, Ormond GD, Pini Prato A, Salvo I, Sun L, Vutskits L, Walker S, Disma N: Anesthesia and the developing brain: A way forward for clinical research. Paediatr Anaesth 2015; 25(5): 447-52

2014

Lin EP, Miles L, Hughes EA, McCann JC, Vorhees CV, McAuliffe JJ, Loepke AW: Combination of mild hypothermia and sevoflurane affords long-term protection in a modified neonatal mouse model of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Anes Analg 2014; 119(5): 1158–73. Accompanied by invited editorial by Vutskits L & Patel PM.

Miller JW, Vu D, Chai PJ, Kreutzer J, Hossain MM, Jacobs JP, Loepke AW: Patient and procedural characteristics for successful and failed immediate tracheal extubation in the operating room following cardiac surgery in infancy. Paediatr Anaesth 2014; 24(8): 830-9

Lei SY, Hache M, Loepke AW: Clinical Research Into Anesthetic Neurotoxicity: Does Anesthesia Cause Neurological Abnormalities in Humans? J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2014; 26(4): 349-57

Deng M, Hofacer RD, Jiang C, Joseph B, Hughes EA, Danzer SC, Loepke AW: Brain regional vulnerability to anaesthesia-induced neuronal cell death shifts with age during exposure and extends into adulthood for some regions. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113(3): 443-451

Deng M, Loepke AW: Anesthetic Neurotoxicity – Preclinical and Clinical Research. J Perioper Sci 2014; 1: 6 (13 Jul 2014)

Lin EP, Soriano SG, Loepke AW: Anesthetic Neurotoxicity. Anesthes Clin 2014; 32(1):133-155

2013

Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Absalom AR, Blomgren K, Brambrink A, Crosby G, Culley DJ, Giffard RG, Herold KF, Loepke AW, Ma D, Orser BA, Planel E, Slikker W Jr., Soriano SG, Stratmann G, Vutskits L, Xie Z, Hemmings HC Jr.: Anaesthetic Neurotoxicity and Neuroplasticity: An expert group report and statement based on the BJA Salzburg Seminar. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111(2): 143-51.

Hofacer RD, Deng M, Ward CG, Joseph B, Hughes EA, Jiang C, Danzer SC, Loepke AW: Cell-age specific vulnerability of neurons to anesthetic toxicity. Ann Neurol 2013; 73(6): 695-704. Accompanied by invited editorial by Xie Z.

Istaphanous GK, Ward CG, Nan X, Hughes EA, McCann JC, McAuliffe JJ, Danzer, SC, Loepke AW: Characterization and Quantification of Isoflurane-Induced Developmental Apoptotic Cell Death In Mouse Cerebral Cortex. Anes Analg 2013; 116(4): 845-54.

2012

Mintz CD, Wagner M, Loepke AW: Preclinical research into the effects of anesthetics on the developing brain: promises and pitfalls. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2012; 24(4): 362-7

Murphy BL, Hofacer R, Faulkner CR, Loepke AW, Danzer, SC: Inverted granule cells and tufted basal dendrites in the intrahippocampal kainic acid injection model of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2012; 53(5): 908-21

Ward CG, Loepke AW: Anesthetics and Sedatives: Toxic or Protective for the Developing Brain? Pharmacol Res 2012; 65: 271-4

2011

Santos VR, de Castro OW, Pun RY, Hester MS, Murphy BL, Loepke AW, Garcia-Cairasco N, Danzer SC: Contributions of mature granule cells to structural plasticity in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuroscience 2011; 197:348-57

Wise-Faberowski L, Loepke AW: Anesthesia During Surgical Repair for Congenital Heart Disease and the Developing Brain: Neurotoxic or Neuroprotective? Paediatr Anaesth 2011; 21(5): 554-9. Featured in Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia Society Fall 2011 Newsletter

Boat A, Sadhasivam S, Loepke AW, Kurth CD: Outcome for the Extremely Premature Neonate: How Far Can We Push the Edge? Paediatr Anaesth 2011; 21(7): 765-7

Istaphanous GK, Howard J, Nan X, Hughes EA, McCann JC, McAuliffe JJ, Danzer SC, Loepke AW: Comparison of the Neuroapoptotic Properties of Equipotent Anesthetic Concentrations of Desflurane, Isoflurane, or Sevoflurane in Neonatal Mice. Anesthesiology 2011; 114(3): 578-87. Featured in Anesthesiology Page 2 blog.

Murphy BL, Pun RYK, Yin H, Faulkner CR, Loepke AW, Danzer SC: Heterogeneous Integration of Adult-Generated Granule Cells Into the Epileptic Brain. J Neurosci 2011; 31(1): 105-17

2010

Istaphanous GK, Ward CG, Loepke AW: The Impact of the Perioperative Period on Neurocognitive Development, with a Focus on Pharmacological Concerns. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2010; 24(3): 433-449

Loepke AW: Developmental Neurotoxicity of Sedatives and Anesthetics – A Concern For Neonatal and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine? Pediatr Crit Care Med 2010; 11(2): 217-226

Stratmann G, Sall JW, May LDV, Loepke AW, Lee MT: Beyond Anesthetic Properties - Effects of Inhalational Anesthetics on Brain Cell Death, Neurogenesis and Long-Term Neurocognitive Function. Anesth Analg 2010; 110(2): 431-437

Danzer SC, He X, Loepke AW, McNamara JO: Structural Plasticity of Dentate Granule Cell Presynaptic Terminals During the Development of Limbic Epilepsy. Hippocampus 2010; 20(1): 113-124

2009

McAuliffe JJ, Loepke AW, Miles L, Joseph B, Hughes E, Vorhees CV: Desflurane, Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Provide Limited Neuroprotection Against Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia in a Delayed-Preconditioning Paradigm. Anesthesiology 2009; 111(3): 533-46

Istaphanous GK, Loepke AW: General Anesthetics and The Developing Brain. Current Opinion in Anesthesiology 2009; 22(3): 368-373

Kurth CD, McCann JC, Wu J, Miles L, Loepke AW: Cerebral Oxygen Saturation-Time Thresholds for Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in Piglets. Anesth Analg 2009; 108(4): 1268-77.

Loepke AW, Istaphanous GK, McAuliffe JJ, Miles L, Hughes EA, McCann JC, Harlow KE, Kurth CD, Williams MT, Vorhees CV, Danzer SC: The Effects of Neonatal Isoflurane Exposure in Mice on Brain Cell Viability, Adult Behavior, Learning, and Memory. Anesth Analg 2009; 108(1): 90-104

2008

Loepke AW, Soriano SG: An Assessment of the Effects Of General Anesthetics on Developing Brain Structure and Neurocognitive Function. Anesth Analg 2008; 106: 1681-1707.

Sun LS, Li G, Dimaggio C, Byrne M, Rauh V, Brooks-Gunn J, Kakavouli A, Wood A; Coinvestigators of the Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) Research Network: Anesthesia and Neurodevelopment in Children: Time for an Answer? Anesthesiology 2008; 109(5): 757-61

2006

Nelson LA, McCann JC, Loepke AW, Wu J, Dor BB, Kurth CD: Development and Validation of a Multiwavelength Spatial Domain Near-Infrared Oximeter to Detect Cerebral Hypoxia-Ischemia. J Biomed Opt 2006; 11(6): 064022

Loepke AW, McCann JC, Kurth CD, McAuliffe JJ: The Physiologic Effects of Isoflurane Anesthesia in Neonatal Mice. Anesth Analg 2006; 102: 75-80.
Selected as one of the Best Pediatric Anesthesia Papers Published in 2006 by expert panel at American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL

2005

Loepke AW, Golden, JA, McCann JC, Kurth CD: Injury Pattern of the Neonatal Brain After Low-Flow Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Piglet Model. Anesth Analg 2005; 101: 340-8

Galinkin JL, Kurth CD, Shi H, Priestley MA, Loepke AW, Adamson PC: The Plasma Pharmacokinetics and Cerebral Spinal Fluid Penetration of Intravenous Topiramate in Newborn Pigs. Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition 2004; 25: 265-71

2003

Ditsworth D, Priestley MA, Loepke AW, Ramamoorthy C, McCann JC, Staple L, Kurth CD: Apoptotic Neuronal Death Following Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest in Piglets. Anesthesiology 2003; 98: 1119-27

2002

Loepke AW, Priestley MA, Schultz SE, McCann JC, Kurth CD: Desflurane Improves Outcome After Low-Flow Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Newborn Pigs. Anesthesiology 2002; 97: 1521-7

1999

Hartmannsgruber MWB, Silverman DG, Halaszynski TM, Bobart V, Brull SJ, Wilkerson C, Loepke AW, Atanassoff PG: Comparison of Ropivacaine 0.2% and Lidocaine 0.5% for Intravenous Regional Anesthesia in Volunteers. Anesth Analg 1999; 89: 727-31

2016

Ewing L, Lee JR, Joseph B, McCann JC, Loepke AW: Effects of anesthesia on brain structure in neonatal rodents. Presented at the 2016 Biomedical Research Internship for Minority Students Poster Presentation, 8/2016, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

2020

Loepke AW. “More than Gas Exchange: Teamwork Between Perfusion and Anesthesia During Cardiac Surgery.” Cardiology 2020, Orlando, FL. February 2020.

Loepke AW. “The 12th Annual Jack Downes Lecture in Cardiac Anesthesia and Critical Care: Taking Better Care of Caregivers.” Cardiology 2020, Orlando, FL. February 2020.

Loepke AW. “Insight on Cardiac Intensive Care: Sedatives and Their Potential Toxicities.”, Cardiology 2020, Orlando, FL. February, 2020.

2019

Loepke AW. “SmartTots Preclinical Workshop – Animal Models”, SmartTots Investigator Meeting, New York, NY. March, 2019.

2017

Loepke AW. Neuroprotection or mitigation: What is new? Invited Speaker and Panelist, EuroSTAR - SmartTots Scientific Network Meeting on Pediatric Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity, organized by the Department of Anesthesia, Gaslini Children's Hospital, 05/2017, Genoa, Italy.

Loepke AW. Strength and limitations of clinical studies - The view of fundamental researchers. Invited Speaker and Panelist, EuroSTAR - SmartTots Scientific Network Meeting on Pediatric Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity, organized by the Department of Anesthesia, Gaslini Children's Hospital, 05/2017, Genoa, Italy.

2016

Loepke AW. Safe Paediatric Anaesthesiology: Neurotoxicity and General Anaesthesia: The Age Issue. Invited Speaker and Panelist, Euroanaesthesia 2016, The European Society of Anaesthesiology Annual Meeting, 05/2016, London, United Kingdom.

Loepke AW. Neonatal Anesthesia: Is Dexmedetomidine as an Alternative or Protective Strategy Ready for Prime Time? Invited Speaker, British Journal of Anaesthesia Special Seminar on Anaesthetic Neurotoxicity and Neuroplasticity, 05/2016, London, United Kingdom.

Loepke AW. Single Ventricle Physiology: Managing the patient with half a heart, Invited Speaker and Panelist, 2016 Pediatric Anesthesia Conference, Cook Children’s Medical Center, 05/2016, Ft. Worth, TX.

Loepke AW. Anesthetics and the Developing Brain: From Bench to Bedside and Back Again, Invited Speaker and Panelist, 2016 Pediatric Anesthesia Conference, Cook Children’s Medical Center, 05/2016, Ft. Worth, TX.

Loepke AW. Lost in translation? - Bridging the gap between basic and clinical research into the effects of anesthetics on the developing brain. Invited Speaker and Panelist at Pediatric Anesthesia and Neurodevelopmental Assessment (PANDA) Symposium, organized by Department of Pediatric Anesthesia, Columbia University, 04/2016, New York, NY.

2015

Loepke AW. Neurotoxicity in the Developing Brain: An Update for the Practitioner, Invited Speaker and Panelist, American Society of Anesthesiologists 2015 Meeting, 9/2015, San Diego, CA,

Loepke AW. Morphology, distribution and modulators of anesthetic neurotoxicity in the developing brain, Invited Speaker and Panelist, Mechanism of Anesthesia Conference 2015, 6/2015, Bonn, Germany.

2019

Loepke AW, Soriano SG: Impact of Pediatric Surgery and Anesthesia on Brain Development. In: Pediatric Anesthesia. 6th Edition, 2019. Edited by Gregory GA & Andropoulos DB. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK, Chapter 45

2018

Loepke AW, Davidson AJ: Surgery, Anesthesia, and the Immature Brain. In: A Practice of Anesthesia for Infants and Children, 6th Edition, 2018. Edited by Coté CJ, Lerman J, and Todres ID. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, Chapter 25

Lin EP, Loepke AW, Mossad EB: Cardiac Catheterization. In: Clinical Pediatric Anesthesia: A Case-Based Handbook, 2nd Edition, 2018, Edited by Goldschneider KR, Davidson AJ, Wittkugel EP, and Skinner AV. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, Chapter 33

Grogan KL, Loepke AW: Anesthetic Considerations for Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Surgery in the Child with Congenital Cardiac Disease. In: Paediatric Cardiology: Expert Consult - Online and Print. 4th Edition, to be published in 2018. Edited by Anderson RH,‎ Baker EJ,‎ Redington A,‎ Rigby ML,‎ Penny D,‎ and Wernovsky G. Churchill Livingstone, London, UK, Chapter 8

2017

Soriano SG, Vutskits L, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Hemmings HC; 2016 BJA Neurotoxicology and Neuroplasticity Study Group: Thinking, fast and slow: highlights from the 2016 BJA seminar on anaesthetic neurotoxicity and neuroplasticity. Br J Anaesth 119(3): 443-447, 2017

2016

Loepke AW, Vutskits L: What lessons for clinical practice can be learned from systematic reviews of animal studies? The case of anesthetic neurotoxicity. Paediatr Anaesth 2016 Jan; 26(1):4-5. doi: 10.1111/pan.12826, invited editorial

Loepke AW, Vutskits L: Reply to Hooijmans, Carlijn; Wever, Kimberley; Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel; Scheffer, Gert Jan, regarding their comment 'The usefulness of systematic reviews of animal studies; shooting the messenger'. Paediatr Anaesth 2016 Aug; 26(8): 853-4. doi: 10.1111/pan.12958

2015

Spaeth JP, Loepke AW: Anesthesia for Left-Sided Obstructive Lesions. in: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease. 3rd Edition, September 2015. Edited by Andropoulos DB, Stayer SA, Mossad EB, Miller-Hance WC. Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, Chapter 22, pp. 497-515.

2013

Loepke AW, Davidson AJ: Surgery, Anesthesia, and the Immature Brain. In: A Practice of Anesthesia for Infants and Children, 5th Edition, February 2013. Edited by Coté CJ, Lerman J, and Todres ID. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, Chapter 23, pp. 492-509.

Loepke AW, McCann ME: Anesthetic-Induced Neurotoxicity. In: A Practical Approach to Neuroanesthesia, 1st Edition, 2013, Edited by Mongan PD, Soriano SG, and Sloan TB, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, Chapter 24, pp. 307-316.

2012

Loepke AW, Soriano SG: Impact of Pediatric Surgery and Anesthesia on Brain Development. In: Pediatric Anesthesia. 5th Edition, March 2012. Edited by Gregory GA & Andropoulos DB. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK, Chapter 41, pp. 1183-1218.

Istaphanous GK, Loepke AW: Pulmonary Hypertension. In: Clinical Pediatric Anesthesia: A Case-Based Handbook, 1st Edition, February 2012, Edited by Goldschneider KR, Davidson AJ, Wittkugel EP, and Skinner AV. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, Chapter 35, pp. 341-50.

Lin EP, Loepke AW: Cardiac Catheterization. In: Clinical Pediatric Anesthesia: A Case-Based Handbook, 1st Edition, February 2012, Edited by Goldschneider KR, Davidson AJ, Wittkugel EP, and Skinner AV. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, Chapter 33, pp. 321-30.

2010

Spaeth JP, Loepke AW: Anesthesia for Left-Sided Obstructive Lesions. In: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease. 2nd Edition, 2010. Edited by Andropoulos DB, Stayer SA, Russell IA. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK, Chapter 21, pp. 398-418.