Congenital anomalies such as spina bifida can result in a wide range of urologic disorders and necessitate comprehensive, long-term management.

Read the findings of Dr. Rychik's study that investigated the cardiovascular consequences of lower urinary tract obstructions LUTO in the fetus.

Bladder exstrophy is a severe developmental disorder in which the bladder protrudes inferior to umbilical cord insertion and separation of the pubic bones results in divergence of the rectus muscles.

Proper diagnosis of LUTO, treatment and follow-up require an experienced, multidisciplinary team that understands not only the pathogenesis of this condition but also the best options for treatment.

Read about a research study conducted by the Fetal Diagnosis Program at CHOP that focused on maternal psychological stress after prenatal diagnosis of CHD.

Read the case study of a 23-year-old woman carrying a baby with pericardial teratoma and the open fetal surgery that saved her unborn baby's life.

The Fetal Heart Program at CHOP is one of the centers pioneering the effort for early gestational fetal cardiovascular imaging, and the only center in the region offering this unique service to patients.

Read about maternal hyperoxygenation (MH) testing which allows physicians at CHOP the best chance to predict the health of the pulmonary vasculature prenatally.

For more than 10 years, pediatric cardiologists from CHOP's Fetal Heart Program have offered state-of-the-art diagnostic, counseling and management services to fetuses with all forms of cardiovascular disease and their families.

In 2010 CHOP published early neurodevelopmental outcomes of CDH survivors initially enrolled in our program. Read about the outcomes here.