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Updates in Management of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

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Updates in Management of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
January 15, 2025

The congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) program at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is the largest, most experienced of its kind in the world, with an unmatched level of ongoing collaboration. Our team’s research continues to translate to improved care and reduced mortality and morbidity.

We are pleased to announce expanded criteria for the FETO procedure to treat CDH before birth, and our recent transition to exclusively using muscle flap repair to close large diaphragmatic defects. For more on these changes, see below.

Expansion of FETO Criteria

In fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO), a balloon is placed in the fetus’s trachea to temporarily block the trachea, stimulating the underdeveloped lung to grow bigger before birth to prevent or reverse pulmonary hypoplasia and improve outcomes for babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We have been offering this fetal intervention to a select group of patients with severe CDH who meet specific criteria.

Based on promising early results, we are excited to now expand access to FETO to a broader population of patients with CDH. The expanded criteria for the observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio (O/E LHR) is ≤30% for left-sided CDH and ≤45% for right-sided CDH.

Transition to Muscle Flap Repairs

Due to the higher incidence of infection and recurrence with synthetic fabric patches, we have transitioned to exclusively performing muscle flap repairs for infants with large diaphragmatic defects.  

View our Inpatient and N/IICU Clinical Pathway for the Pre- and Post-operative Care of the Infant with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Select Publications

Below are our most recent CDH publications, made possible by the Clinical Outcomes Data Archive (CODA). We look forward to sharing additional publications in future newsletters.

Wild KT, Hedrick HL, Ades AM, Fraga MV, Avitabile CM, Gebb JS, Oliver ER, Coletti K, Kesler EM, Van Hoose KT, Panitch HB, Johng S, Ebbert RP, Herkert LM, Hoffman C, Ruble D, Flohr S, Reynolds T, Duran M, Foster A, Isserman RS, Partridge EA, Rintoul NE. Update on Management and Outcomes of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. J Intensive Care Med. 2024 Dec;39(12):1175-1193. 

Bergh E, Baschat AA, Cortes MS, Hedrick HL, Ryan G, Lim FY, Zaretsky MV, Schenone MH, Crombleholme TM, Ruano R, Gosnell KA, Johnson A. Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion for Severe, Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: The North American Fetal Therapy Network Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion Consortium Experience. Obstet Gynecol. 2024 Mar 1;143(3):440-448. 

Wild KT, Rintoul NE, Ades AM, Gebb JS, Moldenhauer JS, Mathew L, Flohr S, Bostwick A, Reynolds T, Ruiz RL, Javia LR, Nelson O, Peranteau WH, Partridge EA, Adzick NS, Hedrick HL. The Delivery Room Resuscitation of Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Treated with Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion: Beyond the Balloon. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2024;51(2):184-190. 

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