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This seminar focuses on infectious diseases, and was delivered in Salzburg, Austria, from Feb. 26 – March 4, 2017. Topics include antibiotics, infection prevention and control, the immune system, influenza, C. difficile and epidemiology.

Antibiotics

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand basic antibiotics spectrums, side effects of various antibiotics, various infectious diseases, bacteria that have grown resistance to specific types of antibiotics, and antibiotics used to treat various types of resistant bacterial diseases.

Overview of Infection Prevention and Control

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the burden and nature of healthcare-associated infections across the spectrum of care, review the epidemiology associated with the most common hospital-associated infections, and discuss the importance of surveillance and hand hygiene to prevent multidrug resistant infections.

CRE to VRE, Global Spread of Antibiotic Resistance

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the spread of pathogens that threaten to take medicine out of the era of antibiotics, a timeline of antibiotics accompanied by their resistant bacterial counterparts, worldwide patterns of bacteria resistance, and newly developed antibiotics.

Fever of Unknown Origin

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the pathophysiology of fevers, detailed assessments of exposures, risk factors of fevers, laboratory tests to identify fevers, aspects of systemic infections, aspects of localized infections, and non-infectious etiologies.

Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy in a Changing World

At the end of this session, learners will be able to identify key factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy, explore potential approaches to address hesitancy and increased vaccine acceptance via policy/communication, and understand the ethical, legal and practical considerations to vaccine hesitancy.

The Immune System

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the basic physiology of the immune system, immunity, ordered developmental pathways of immunity, intracellular and intercellular communication signals, the ability to exert distinct effector functions, and the immune mechanisms to return to baseline homeostasis.

Primary Immunodeficiencies

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand defects in immunity related to the development of stem cells into fully differentiated effector cells, development of organs/stromal cells, the immune system’s ability to recognize danger via Ag receptors (B/T cells), pattern recognition receptors, intracellular and extracellular communication defects, effector function defects, and defects related to the regulation of homeostasis.

Vaccination of Immunocompromised Children

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the basics of immunology, the basics of the immune system, immunodeficiencies, vaccine response, and immunization recommendation for immunocompromised children.

Infections of the Heart: Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the pathophysiology of endocarditis, myocarditis and pericarditis. Additionally, learners will be able to understand the diagnostic criteria, various therapies, and medications associated with the treatment of endocarditis, myocarditis and pericarditis.

As the Flu Flies: What's New with the Flu

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the epidemiology of pediatric influenza, the burden of disease, seasonal influenza, risk factors for serious influenza, current recommendations for testing, recommendations for treatment, and the newest prevention protocols.

Pneumonia

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the symptoms and signs of pneumonia, management of pneumonia, impatient versus outpatient evaluation, impatient versus outpatient therapies, various examples of case studies, the pathophysiology of pneumonia and other respiratory infections.

Fever and Rash Syndromes

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand infectious versus non-infectious causes of fever and rash, syndromes in which fever/rash are present, prominent features of disease, systemic rash, and viruses associated with inducing fevers and/or rashes.

Infections of the Central Nervous System: Meningitis and Encephalitis

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the causes of meningitis, the pathophysiology of meningitis, treatment for meningitis, various case studies of patients with meningitis, the causes of encephalitis, the pathophysiology of encephalitis, treatment for encephalitis, and case studies of patients with encephalitis.

New Viruses to Worry about in Returning Travelers

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand fevers travelers acquire while abroad, the various types of malaria, the testing required for malaria, the basics of typhoid fever, tests to identify typhoid fever, dengue fever, tests to identify dengue fever, chikungunya with arthritis, Zika virus, and various cases of patients who acquired infections as a result of travel.

Cystic Fibrosis 101

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis, pulmonary impacts of cystic fibrosis, the various treatments of cystic fibrosis (medicines and therapies), the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, and the causes of cystic fibrosis.

C. Difficile, Fecal Transplant, and the Microbiome

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the microbiome, the metagenome, problems in utilizing the microbiome, the aspects associated with various types of child delivery and susceptibility to diseases, various types of models being used to test the microbiome, aspects of probiotics, colonization resistance, and experiments being conducted to better understand the microbiome.

VRE to MRSA, Global Spread of Antibiotic Resistance

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus, Daptomycin resistance, combinational treatment of MRSA, the global spread of antibiotic resistance, and a timeline of geographical antibiotic resistance.

Clusters, Outbreaks and Epidemics

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the basic steps of an outbreak investigation, epidemiological profiling, ways to define outbreak cases, immediate control measures, case control studies, and the evaluation of epidemic cases.