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This seminar focuses on endocrinology and nephrology, and was delivered in Salzburg, Austria, from April 9 – 15, 2017. Topics include diabetes, kidney disease, disorders of growth and obesity.

Diabetes Technology and the Quest for the Artificial Pancreas

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the state of diabetes care today, continuous glucose monitoring, sensor augmented insulin pump therapy, low threshold suspend technology, and artificial pancreas technologies.

Imaging of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand various imaging modalities of the kidneys and urinary tract (KUT), and clinical applications of KUT imaging.

Chronic Kidney Disease

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the techniques used to measure kidney function, renal replacement therapy, anemia management and bone disease.

Disorders of Growth

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand normal versus abnormal growth patterns, the differential diagnosis of short stature, growth disorder, the appropriate administration details of Rx growth hormone, and the side effects of growth hormone and how to monitor them.

Precocious Puberty

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the physiology, timing and secular trends of normal pubertal development, evaluate children with precocious puberty, and know when and how to treat a child with precocious puberty.

Neonatal Kidney Disease

At the end of this session, learners will be able to describe the evaluation and management of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the NICU, the management of congenital/chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the NICU, and the long-term management, including dialysis and transplant, for neonates diagnosed with kidney disease.

Adrenal Disorders

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the anatomy of the kidneys, the effects of glucocorticoids, the pathogenesis of adrenal insufficiency, laboratory diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency, various treatments for adrenal insufficiencies, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, newborn screening, and various cases of patients suffering from adrenal insufficiencies.

Tubular Disorders of Electrolyte Regulation

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the physiology of primary cells involved in renal tubular function, proximal tubular cells, thick ascending limb cells, distal convoluted tubular cells, principal cells, alpha-intercalated cells, and the highlights of clinical syndromes associated with defects in cellular functions.

Dialysis

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the physical principles of mass transfer, the physiology of fluid removal and solute clearance, different dialysis modalities, and other practical considerations.

Human Obesity Syndromes: An Overview

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the epidemiology of severe obesity in children, the hypothalamic regulation of energy balance, the energy homeostasis in humans, the human and mouse monogenic obesity models, and the diagnostic flowchart including non-monogenic forms.

Polycystic Kidney Disease and Ciliopathies

At the end of this session, learners will be able to recognize clinical presentations and imaging findings of ADPKD & ARPKD as well as recognize the spectrum of inherited hepatorenal fibrocystic diseases or ciliopathies.

Kidney Transplant

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the background of kidney transplants in children, early implication of kidney failure, commonly used immunosuppressive medication, and the late complications of kidney failure.

Glomerulonephritis

At the end of this session, learners will be able to understand the differential diagnosis of glomerulonephritis in children, identify key features of glomerulonephritis, and review the clinical and pathological features associated with the common causes of glomerulonephritis.